Class 11 practice
Class 11 social studies questions.
Social studies questions for Class 11, at the level of students aged 15–17, each with its answer and a short explanation. Try each one before opening the answer.
Major Himalayan rivers, such as the Indus, the Satluj, and the Brahmaputra, existed before the Himalayas formed. As the mountain chain rose, these rivers maintained their courses by carving deep, steep-sided gorges. What geological term classifies these drainage systems?
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Answer: Antecedent drainage
Antecedent rivers pre-date the geological uplift of the land they flow across. They maintained original paths by eroding valleys at a rate matching the mountain uplift.
Unlike most major peninsular rivers in India that drain eastward into the Bay of Bengal, the Narmada and Tapi flow westward. Through which geological structure do they travel?
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Answer: Rift valleys
The Narmada and Tapi rivers flow through fault-formed rift valleys bounded by the Vindhya and Satpura ranges. These structural troughs direct their waters westward into the Arabian Sea.
Under Article 109 of the Constitution of India, in which House of Parliament can a Money Bill be introduced?
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Answer: Lok Sabha only
According to Article 109, a Money Bill can only originate in the Lok Sabha on the recommendation of the President. The Rajya Sabha has limited powers and must return it within fourteen days.
The United Nations operates through several principal organs established by its Charter. Which specific body holds primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security?
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Answer: Security Council
According to the UN Charter, the Security Council has primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security, wielding authority to issue binding resolutions.
A farmer in Maharashtra examines dark soil that develops deep cracks during the dry summer season, facilitating soil aeration. When wet, it becomes sticky and retains moisture for long periods, making it ideal for growing cotton. Which soil type is this?
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Answer: Black soil
Black soil (also known as Regur) is formed by the weathering of Deccan basalt trap rocks. It is clayey, moisture-retentive, and well-known for cotton cultivation.
Which type of Indian soil is known for its high clay content, self-ploughing capacity through deep cracks during dry spells, and remarkable moisture retention suitable for cotton cultivation?
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Answer: Black soil
Black soil, or regur, develops deep cracks in dry weather that aerate the soil. Its clayey nature allows it to retain moisture for long periods.
Under the Constitution of India, which writ is issued by the higher judiciary to produce a detained person before the court to determine the legality of detention?
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Answer: Habeas Corpus
Habeas Corpus literally means 'to have the body'. It provides a remedy against illegal or arbitrary detention by compelling the state to justify the imprisonment.
In December 1929, the Indian National Congress adopted the historic resolution demanding 'Purna Swaraj' (complete independence) during its annual session held in which city?
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Answer: Lahore
Presided over by Jawaharlal Nehru along the banks of the Ravi River, the 1929 Lahore session declared Purna Swaraj as the ultimate goal of the national movement.
The International Court of Justice serves as the primary judicial organ of the United Nations. While most UN bodies are headquartered in New York, in which city does this court hold its permanent seat?
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Answer: The Hague
Unlike the other five principal UN organs based in New York, the International Court of Justice sits permanently at the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands.
Which international organisation was established in 1920 following the Treaty of Versailles to promote international cooperation and prevent future conflicts?
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Answer: League of Nations
The League of Nations was founded in 1920 in the aftermath of World War I under the Treaty of Versailles. Its primary goal was maintaining world peace.
According to the United Nations Charter, which organ bears the primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security?
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Answer: Security Council
Chapter V of the UN Charter confers primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security on the Security Council, which can deploy peacekeeping missions and impose sanctions.
Which physical feature acts as the major water divide separating the Indus river basin from the Ganga river basin in northern India?
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Answer: The Aravalli Range near Delhi and Haryana
The elevated tract of land formed by the Aravallis and the Delhi ridge functions as the primary water divide between the Indus and the Ganga drainage systems.
- True or false?
In national income accounting, forestry, fishing, and mining are classified under the secondary sector of the economy.
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Answer: False
Forestry, fishing, and mining extract natural resources directly from the earth and are classified under the primary sector, whereas manufacturing constitutes the secondary sector.
- True or false?
Black soil, commonly called regur, is characterised by high clay content and exceptional moisture retention, making it well suited for cultivating cotton.
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Answer: True
Formed from weathered basaltic lava across the Deccan Plateau, regur or black soil retains moisture efficiently, providing ideal conditions for the deep root system of cotton crops.
- True or false?
The Godavari is the longest river in the Peninsular plateau of India and flows into the Arabian Sea.
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Answer: False
While the Godavari is the longest Peninsular river, it originates in Maharashtra and flows eastward across the Deccan plateau to empty into the Bay of Bengal.
- Fill in the blank.
In 1973, the Supreme Court of India established the doctrine of the basic structure in the historic ___ (starts with 'K') Bharati ruling.
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Answer: Kesavananda
The Kesavananda Bharati verdict established that while Parliament has wide amending powers, it cannot alter the essential framework of the Constitution.
- Fill in the blank.
The central monetary authority that supervises commercial banks and issues banknotes in India is the ___ (starts with 'R') Bank of India.
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Answer: Reserve
Established in 1935, the Reserve Bank of India manages monetary policy, regulates commercial banks, and controls currency issuance.
- Fill in the blank.
Widely found across the Deccan Trap region, ___ soil is renowned for its high clay content and exceptional capacity to retain moisture for growing cotton. (Clue: starts with R)
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Answer: regur
Regur soil, also called black cotton soil, develops on basaltic rock formations and is ideal for cotton cultivation due to its fine texture and water-holding capacity.
Which of the following constitutional provisions is the odd one out?
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Answer: Right to Property
The Right to Equality, Freedom, and Constitutional Remedies are Fundamental Rights under Part III of the Constitution. The Right to Property was converted into an ordinary legal right.
Which Indian river is the odd one out based on its drainage?
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Answer: Godavari
Narmada, Tapi, and Sabarmati flow westwards into the Arabian Sea, whereas the Godavari flows eastwards into the Bay of Bengal.
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